Eminyakeni yamuva nje, njengoba imboni yezinto zobumba isanda kusuka ezintweni zokudla zendabuko kanye nezinto zokwakha kuya ezintweni zobumba ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nezinto zobumba ezisebenzayo, ukukhethwa kanye nokwenza ngcono izinto zobumba zibe yinto ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni. Njengenye yezinto zobumba ezibalulekile ezisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezinto zobumba zanamuhla,i-alumina powder (Al₂O₃) ingena ohlelweni lokukhiqiza izinto zobumba ezinenani eliphezulu ezihlanzekile kakhulu, usayizi wezinhlayiya ezincane, kanye nezici zesigaba sekristalu ezizinzile, inikeza ukwesekwa okuyisisekelo kwezakhiwo zokumelana nokumelana nokushisa kwemikhiqizo yobumba.
Ⅰ. Izici kanye neSistimu Yokuhlukaniswa kwe-Alumina Powder
Impuphu ye-alumina ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwesimo sayo, isimo sekristalu (isigaba se-α noma i-γ), ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya, ubukhulu be-sphericity, kanye nezici ze-sintering. Impuphu ye-alumina esetshenziswa ezitsheni ze-ceramic zendabuko igxile kakhulu ekuhlanzekeni okuvamile kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya ezinkulu, kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezisetshenziswa ezitsheni ze-ceramic zesakhiwo kanye nezitsha ze-electronic zivame ukuba sezingeni eliphezulu lokuhlanzeka, eliphansi kakhulu noma eliphansi kakhulu, futhi zivame ukusebenzisa isigaba sekristalu se-α-alumina ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezinhlamvu zekristalu kanye namandla omzimba we-ceramic ngesikhathi sokuhlanzeka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya kubhekwa njengenye yemingcele ebalulekile enquma ukusebenza kwe-ceramic. Usayizi wezinhlayiya oqinile kakhulu uholela ekunganele kobuningi emzimbeni we-ceramic, kuyilapho usayizi wezinhlayiya oqinile kakhulu ungabangela kalula ukukhula okusanhlamvu okungalingani noma amaphutha embotsheni ngesikhathi sokusila. Emkhakheni we-ceramics kagesi kanye nesakhiwo esithuthukisiweizinto zobumba, ukulawulwa kobukhulu bezinhlayiya ze-D50 kanye ne-D90 okuqinile, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kobukhulu bezinhlayiya ezincane, kuye kwaba umkhuba ongenakugwenywa ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni.
Ⅱ. Izicelo Ezinwetshiwe ku-Structural Ceramics
Impuphu ye-Alumina iyinto eluhlaza eyenziwe ngobumba evuthiwe kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zobumba zesakhiwo, enezici ezifana namandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Izicelo ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi amabheringi, ama-nozzle, ama-guide rollers, izivalo zemishini, imizimba yama-valve, ama-liners angagugi, kanye namathuluzi okusika. Njengoba isidingo esikhulayo sezinto ezingagugi ezimbonini zokukhiqiza nemishini, imakethe yezinto zobumba zesakhiwo ze-alumina ikhula kancane kancane, ikakhulukazi ezimayini zensimbi, embonini yamakhemikhali amalahle, kanye nomshini wokulungisa ngokunemba, lapho umphumela wokufaka esikhundleniizitsha zobumba ze-aluminakubalulekile.
Njengamanje, ubumsulwa obuphezulu kanye nobuningi kuyizinkomba eziyinhloko zokugxila embonini. Ekushiseni okushisa okuphezulu, lapho ubumsulwa bempuphu buphakeme, ukukhula kwezinhlamvu zekristalu kuyafana, futhi kulapho amandla omkhiqizo kanye nokuqina kokuqhekeka kukhuphuka, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswa impilo yokuguguleka kanye nokuqina. Okwamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-alumina eyindilinga kanye nempuphu ye-submicron emkhakheni wezinto zobumba zesakhiwo kuyanda, ngenxa yokugeleza kwazo okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuvumelana kwazo.
Ⅲ. Inani Lobuchwepheshe Ku-Electronic and Electrical Ceramics
I-ceramics kagesi ingenye yezinkambu ezingezansi ezinekhono elikhulu kakhulu lokukhulisa i-alumina powder. I-Alumina ceramics inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokushisa kanye ne-dielectric, okwenza zifaneleke kuma-substrate okupakisha ahlanganisiwe, ama-insulator aphezulu, ama-substrate okushisa, kanye nezingxenye zokushisa amandla. Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwama-electronics kagesi kanye nokuxhumana kwama-frequency aphezulu kuholele ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kokulahleka kwe-dielectric kanye nokuqhuba ukushisa kwezinto ze-ceramic substrate. I-substrates ye-alumina ceramic ehlanzekile kakhulu isibe yinto ebalulekile kumamojula wamandla kanye namasimu e-semiconductor.
Emkhakheni wezinto zokusabalalisa ukushisa ze-LED, izinto zokuhlobisa ezenziwe nge-alumina powder zine-conductivity enhle yokushisa kanye nezakhiwo zokushisa zikagesi, zinikeza ukwesekwa okuthembekile kokupakisha kwe-LED enamandla aphezulu. Ngokukhiqizwa okukhulu kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, ama-charging piles, kanye nemishini yokugcina amandla, isidingo sezinto zokuhlobisa ze-ceramic zamadivayisi kagesi singene emjikelezweni wokukhula, siletha amathuba emakethe azinzile futhi esikhathi eside e-alumina powder.
Ⅳ. Izinzuzo Zendabuko ku-Refractory and Catalytic Ceramics
Izinto zendabuko zokungaguquguquki zisalokhu ziyindawo ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa kwempuphu ye-alumina. Ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokumelana okunamandla kokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, impuphu ye-alumina ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izindwangu zesithando ezishisa kakhulu, izitsha zokubhaka, izitini zama-nozzle, kanye nezingxenye zokuthintana zensimbi ezincibilikisiwe. Izimboni ezishisa kakhulu njengensimbi, izinsimbi ezingezona i-ferrous, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-wafer yesekethe ehlanganisiwe kuseyizona ezisebenzisa kakhulu izinto zobumba ezingaguquguquki ze-alumina.
Enye insimu evuthiwe yi-catalytic carrier ceramics, njenge-honeycomb ceramics kanye ne-alumina catalytic carriers. Indawo ethile yobuso kanye nesakhiwo esinezimbobo ze-impuphu ye-aluminazihlinzeka ngesisekelo esihle sokunamathela kwezingxenye ezisebenzayo ze-catalytic, futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni ukukhishwa kwezimoto, ekuqhekekeni kwe-catalytic yefektri, kanye nasezinhlelweni zokuhlanza i-nitrification zemvelo.
Ⅴ. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwemizila Yenqubo kanye Nezindlela Zobuchwepheshe Bezimboni
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe embonini ye-ceramic, abakhiqizi be-alumina powder bashintsha besuka ezindleleni zendabuko zokufaka amakhemikhali kuya ekomiseni okufafaza, ukucindezela kwe-isostatic, i-thermal plasma spheroidization, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguqula ubuso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubukhulu bezinhlayiya ezincane kanye nezimpuphu zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-sintering; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuchwepheshe bokuguqula buthuthukisa ukuhambisana kwempuphu nezihlanganisi kanye nezinhlelo ze-solvent, okwenza kube lula ukulawula i-rheological ye-slurry ye-ceramic kanye nokubumba nge-injection. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sokucubungula ngomshini embonini ye-ceramics sikhule ngasikhathi sinye. Ukuthuthuka kokunemba kokucubungula ubuso be-ceramic kuholele ekubunjweni kwezinhlayiya zempuphu okuvamile, futhi i-spherical alumina powder ingenile emikhakheni yokupholisha optical kanye nokukhiqiza i-wafer, okuletha amaphuzu amasha okukhula kwenzuzo ezinkampanini zempuphu.
Ⅵ. Izitayela Zemboni: Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo Kushukumisa Izinguquko Ekuhlelweni Kwemakethe
Beqhutshwa yimikhuba yezinto ezibonakalayo "zokusebenzisa izinto ezilula, ukusebenza okuphezulu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-elekthronikhi," izitsha zobumba ezisebenza kahle zithola isikhundla esiphezulu secebo. Imephu yezobuchwepheshe yezimboni zezimoto, zezokwelapha, zamandla, kanye neze-semiconductor inquma indlela yokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwempuphu ye-alumina.
Izitayela zamanje zemboni zibonisa izici ezintathu eziyinhloko:
① Imishini yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nemboni entsha yamandla yandisa isidingo sezinto zobumba ezingagugi futhi ezivikela ukushisa;
② Izinto zobumba ze-elekthronikhi seziba umthombo wesidingo esikhulu sama-powder ahlanzekile kakhulu;
③ Ukulungiswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya, ukuthuthukiswa kobumsulwa, kanye nokuqina kwesigaba sekristalu sekuba yimbangela yokuncintisana ngempuphu.
Umhlaba wonkeimboni yobumbauchungechunge okwamanje lusezingeni lokuncintisana elinezingqimba. Izinkampani zempuphu ephezulu zinenzuzo kwezobuchwepheshe emikhakheni ye-elekthronikhi kanye neye-semiconductor, kuyilapho izimpuphu eziphakathi nendawo zisagxila kakhulu ezintweni zobumba kanye nezinto eziphikisayo. Njengoba ziqhutshwa yisidingo esiphansi, imakethe yempuphu ephakathi nendawo kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula.
Ⅶ. Isiphetho
Umkhuba wemboni ye-ceramic osuka ekudingweni kwendabuko uye ekukhiqizeni okuthuthukile ucacile kakhulu. Njengoba kuqhubeka nokukhula kobuchwepheshe bezinto ezibonakalayo, izinqubo zokulungiselela, kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa, i-alumina powder izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu embonini ye-ceramic yesikhathi esizayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yi-ceramics yesakhiwo, i-ceramics kagesi, i-ceramics yokuphathwa kokushisa, noma i-ceramics ekhatalytic, izinto ze-alumina powder ziba amandla abalulekile okuthuthukisa lonke uchungechunge lwemboni ye-ceramic.