Qonda ngokujulile inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-brown corundum powder
Ukuma amamitha amathathu kude nesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi, igagasi lokushisa eligoqwe ngephunga lensimbi eshisiwe likushaya ebusweni - i-bauxite slurry engaphezu kwama-degree angu-2200 esithandweni igoqeka namabhamuza abomvu egolide. Inkosi endala uLao Li yesula umjuluko wayo yathi: “Bheka, uma impahla kuyifosholo elilodwa amalahle amancane, izinga lokushisa lomlilo lizokwehla ngamadigri angu-30, futhii-brown corundum ephumayo izoba brittle njengamabhisikidi.” Leli bhodwe elibilayo “lensimbi encibilikisiwe” liyisigcawu sokuqala sokuzalwa kwempuphu ye-corundum ensundu.
1. Ukuncibilika: Umsebenzi onzima wokuthatha i-“jade” emlilweni
Igama elithi "ulaka" liqoshwe emathanjeni e-brown corundum, futhi lo mlingisi ucwengisiswa esithandweni somlilo se-arc kagesi:
Izithako zifana nomuthi: isisekelo se-bauxite (I-Al₂O₃>85%), i-agent yokunciphisa i-anthracite, kanye nezinhlamvu zensimbi kufanele zifafazwe njenge-"matchmaker" - ngaphandle kwayo ukusiza ngokuncibilika, ama-silicates angcolile angeke ahlanzwe. Izincwadi zokulinganisa zamafekthri amadala esiFundazweni sase-Henan sezigugile zonke: “Amalahle amaningi asho ikhabhoni ephezulu kanye nomnyama, kuyilapho insimbi encane isho ukunqwabelana nokunqwabelana”
Imfihlo yesithando somlilo esitshekile: Umzimba wesithando somlilo utshekisiwe nge-engeli engu-15-degree ukuvumela ukuncibilika kufane ngokwemvelo, ungqimba olungaphansi lwe-alumina ehlanzekile lucwebezela lube yi-corundum ensundu, bese ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-ferrosilicon slag lukhishwa. Umpetha omdala wasebenzisa ipiki elide ukuze ahlohle imbobo yesampula, futhi amaconsi ancibilikisiwe afafazekile apholiswa futhi ingxenye ephambanayo yaba nsundu ngokumnyama: “Lo mbala ulungile! Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubonisa ukuthi i-titanium iphezulu, futhi ukukhanya okumpunga kusho ukuthi i-silicon ayisuswanga ngokuphelele”
Ukupholisa okusheshayo kunquma umphumela: ukuncibilika kuthululelwa emgodini ojulile futhi kuthululwe ngamanzi abandayo ukuze "kuqhume" zibe yizicucu, futhi umhwamuko wamanzi wenza umsindo ozwakalayo onjenge-popcorn. Ukupholisa okusheshayo kukhiya amaphutha e-lattice, futhi ukuqina kuphakeme ngo-30% kunokokupholisa kwemvelo - njengokucisha inkemba, ukhiye "uyashesha"
2. Ukuchoboza nokubumba: ubuciko bokubumba “abafana abaqinile”
Ukuqina kwebhulokhi ye-corundum ensundu ephuma nje kuhhavini kusondele kulobo beamadayimane. Kuthatha inkinga enkulu ukuyiguqula ibe "isosha elitelekile" lezinga elincane:
Ukuvuleka okumahhadlahhadla komhlathi womhlathi
Ipuleti lomhlathi we-hydraulic "crunches" kanye nebhulokhi elilingana ne-basketball liphulwa libe ama-walnuts. U-Operator u-Xiao Zhang wakhomba isikrini futhi wakhononda: “Ngesikhathi esidlule kwaxutshwa isitini esiyi-refractory, futhi ipuleti lomhlathi lagqabula igebe. Ithimba labalungisayo langisukela futhi langithethisa izinsuku ezintathu”
Uguquko endaweni yebhola
I-ball mill ehambisana nokuduma kwe-granite, futhi amabhola ensimbi ashaya amabhulokhi njengabadansi abanodlame. Ngemva kwamahora angu-24 okugaya okuqhubekayo, impushana eqinile ensundu yaphumela ngaphandle kwembobo yokukhipha. “Kukhona iqhinga lapha,” uchwepheshe wathinta iphaneli yokulawula: “Uma isivinini singaphezu kuka-35 rpm, izinhlayiya zizogaywa zibe izinaliti; uma ingaphansi kuka-28 rpm, imiphetho izoba bukhali kakhulu.”
I-Barmac Plastic Surgery
Ulayini wokukhiqiza osezingeni eliphezulu ukhombisa ikhadi layo lecilongo - I-Barmac vertical shaft impact crusher. Izinto ezibonakalayo zichotshozwa ngokuzishayisana ngaphansi kokushayela kwe-rotor enesivinini esikhulu, futhi impushana encane ekhiqizwayo iyindilinga njengamatshe omfula. Imboni yamasondo okugaya esiFundazweni sase-Zhejiang ilinganiswe: ngokucaciswa okufanayo kwempushana encane, indlela evamile inobuningi obungu-1.75g/cm³, kuyilapho indlela ye-Barmac inokuminyana kwenqwaba engu-1.92g/cm³! UMnu. Li wasonta isampula futhi wabubula: “Esikhathini esidlule, imboni yamasondo okugaya yayihlale ikhononda ngokungabi namanzi amancane kwempushana, kodwa manje ikhononda ngokuthi ijubane lokugcwalisa lishesha kakhulu ukuba lingahambisana nalo.”
3. Ukulinganisa nokuhlanzwa: ukuzingela okunembile emhlabeni wama-microns
Ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya ezingu-1/10 zobukhulu bezinwele zibe amamaki ahlukene kuyimpi yomphefumulo wenqubo:
Imfihlakalo yokuhlukaniswa kokugeleza komoya
Umoya ocindezelwe ongu-0.7MPa ugijimela egumbini lokuhlukanisa ngempushana, futhi isivinini se-impeller sinquma “umugqa wokungena”: 8000 rpm izikrini ku-W40 (40μm), kanye ne-12000 rpm inqamula i-W10 (10μm). "Ngesaba kakhulu umswakama owedlulele", umqondisi weshabhu wakhomba umbhoshongo wokususa umswakama: "Ngenyanga edlule, i-condenser yavuza i-fluorine, kanye nezigaxa zempushana ezincane futhi yavala ipayipi. Kuthathe amashifu amathathu ukuyihlanza."
Ummese omnene wokuhlukaniswa kwe-hydraulic
Kuma-ultrafine powders angaphansi kwe-W5, ukugeleza kwamanzi kuba yindlela yokuhlukanisa. Amanzi ahlanzekile ebhakedeni lokugreda aphakamisa impushana ecolekileyo ngenani lokugeleza elingu-0.5m/s, futhi izinhlayiya ezimahhadla zihlala kuqala. Umsebenzisi ugqolozela imitha ye-turbidity: “Uma izinga lokugeleza lishesha ngo-0.1m/s, ingxenye yempushana ye-W3 izophuma; uma ihamba ngo-0.1m/s, i-W10 izoxubana futhi ibangele inkinga.”
Impi eyimfihlo yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe nokususwa kwensimbi
Irola kazibuthe eliqinile lisusa amafayili ensimbi ngamandla okumunca ama-gauss angu-12,000, kodwa alikwazi ukumelana namachashaza e-iron oxide. Iqhinga lemboni yaseShandong liwukuthi: cwilisa ngaphambili nge-oxalic acid ngaphambi kokukhetha, guqula i-Fe₂O₃ enzima ibe i-oxalate encibilikayo ene-ferrous, futhi okuqukethwe kwensimbi engcolile kwehla kusuka ku-0.8% kuya ku-0.15%
4.Pickling and calcining: “ukuzalwa kabusha” kwama-abrasives
Uma ufunabrown corundum micropowderukuze umelane nokuhlolwa esondweni lokugaya izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kufanele uphumelele izivivinyo ezimbili zokuphila nokufa:
I-Acid-base dialectics yokukhetha
Amabhamuza ethangini le-hydrochloric acid akhuphuka ukuze ancibilikise ukungcola kwensimbi, futhi ukulawula ukugxilisa ingqondo kufana nokuhamba entanjeni eqinile: ngaphansi kuka-15% akakwazi ukuhlanza ukugqwala, futhi ngaphezu kuka-22% kugqwala umzimba we-alumina. U-Lao Li uphakamise iphepha lokuhlola le-PH ukuze adlulisele ulwazi: “Lapho unciphisa ngokuwashwa kwe-alkaline, kufanele ucindezele ngokunembile u-PH=7.5. I-Acid izobangela ama-burrs kumakristalu, futhi i-alkaline izobangela ingaphezulu lezinhlayiya zibe yimpushana.”
Iphazili lokushisa lokubala
Ngemuva kokubala ku-1450 ℃/6 amahora kuhhavini elijikelezayo, ukungcola kwe-ilmenite kubola kube yisigaba se-rutile, futhi ukumelana nokushisa kwe-micropowder kukhuphuka ngo-300℃. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuguga kwe-thermocouple yefektri ethile, izinga lokushisa langempela ladlula i-1550 ℃, futhi zonke izimpushana ezincane ezaziphuma esithandweni zafakwa "amaqebelengwane e-sesame" - amathani angu-30 ezinto zokwakha achithwa ngokuqondile, futhi umqondisi wefektri wayecindezeleke kangangokuthi wanyathela izinyawo zakhe.
Isiphetho: Ubuhle bezimboni phakathi kwamamilimitha
Eshabhu yokuhlwa, imishini isaduma. U-Lao Li wasusa uthuli ezingutsheni zakhe zokusebenza wathi: “Ngemva kokusebenza kule mboni iminyaka engu-30, ekugcineni ngiyaqonda ukuthi ama-micro powders amahle 'awu-70% wokucwenga kanye no-30% wokuphila' - izithako ziyisisekelo, ukuchotshozwa kuncike ekuqondeni, futhi ukugreda kuncike ekuqapheliseni. Kusukela ku-bauxite kuye kwezimpushana ezincane ze-nano-scale, ukuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe kuhlala kuzungeza izikhungo ezintathu: ubumsulwa (ukukhipha ukungcola nokungcola), i-morphology (i-Barmac shaping), kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana (ukuhlelwa okunembile).