Isimangaliso emkhakheni wezinto zokusebenza
Njengoidayimaneisicelo, kuhilela inhlobonhlobo yobuchwepheshe futhi kunzima kakhulu. Kudinga ukucwaninga ngokubambisana emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ukuze kwenziwe ngesikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngokuzayo, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa nokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhula kwedayimane le-CVD futhi uhlole ukusetshenziswa kweIdayimane le-CVDifilimu kuma-acoustics, optics, nogesi. Izoba yinto entsha yokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ekhulwini lama-21. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-CVD kungasetshenziselwa kokubili izinto zobunjiniyela kanye nezinto zokusebenza. Okulandelayo yisingeniso kuphela sezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ezisebenzayo.
Iyini impahla yokusebenza? Izinto ezisebenzayo zibhekisela ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ezisebenza ngokomzimba namakhemikhali njengokukhanya, ugesi, uzibuthe, umsindo, nokushisa okusetshenziswa embonini nobuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa izinto ezisebenza ngogesi, izinto zokusebenza kazibuthe, izinto zokusebenza ezibonakalayo, izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, izinto ze-biomedical, ulwelwesi olusebenzayo, njll.
Iyini i-membrane esebenzayo? Yiziphi izici zayo? Ulwelwesi olusebenzayo lusho into yefilimu ezacile enezinto ezibonakalayo ezifana nokukhanya, uzibuthe, ukuhlunga kukagesi, i-adsorption, kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-catalysis kanye nokusabela.
Izici zezinto zefilimu ezacile: Izinto zefilimu ezizacile ziyizinto ezijwayelekile ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili, okungukuthi, zikhulu ngezikali ezimbili futhi zincane esikalini sesithathu. Uma iqhathaniswa nezinto ezivame ukusetshenziswa ngobuningi obuntathu, inezici eziningi ekusebenzeni nasekwakhekeni. Isici esikhulu kunazo zonke ukuthi ezinye izakhiwo zamafilimu asebenzayo zingafinyelelwa ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokulungiselela ifilimu emincane ngesikhathi sokulungiselela. Yingakho izinto zokusebenza zefilimu emincane seziphenduke isihloko esishisayo sokunaka nokucwaninga.
Njengoimpahla enezinhlangothi ezimbili, isici esibaluleke kakhulu sezinto zefilimu ezincane yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi isici sosayizi, esingasetshenziselwa ukwenza okuncane nokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa okuningi kwezinto zefilimu ezincanyana kusekelwe kuleli phuzu, elivame kakhulu elisetshenziswa kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe kanye nokwandisa ukuminyana kwesitoreji sezingxenye zokugcina zekhompyutha.
Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane, ingxenye ehlobene yendawo kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sefilimu elincanyana likhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi izakhiwo ezivezwa ngokungaphezulu zivelele kakhulu. Kukhona uchungechunge lwemiphumela ebonakalayo ehlobene nesixhumi esibonakalayo:
(1) Ukudlulisa okukhethiwe kanye nokuboniswa okubangelwa umphumela wokuphazamiseka kokukhanya;
(2) Ukuhlakazeka kwe-inelastic okubangelwa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-electron nangaphezulu kubangela izinguquko ekusebenzeni, i-coefficient yehholo, umphumela wamanje wezibuthe, njll.;
(3) Ngenxa yokuthi ukushuba kwefilimu kuncane kakhulu kunendlela yamahhala yama-electron futhi iseduze ne-wavelength ye-Drobyyi yama-electron, ama-electron ahamba aye emuva naphambili phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zefilimu azophazamisa, futhi amandla ahlobene nokunyakaza okuqondile kwendawo okungaphezulu azothatha amanani ahlukene, azothinta ukuthutha kwe-electron;
(4) Ngaphezulu, ama-athomu ayaphazamiseka ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi izinga lamandla angaphezulu kanye nenani lezindawo ezingaphezulu ezikhiqizwayo zilandelana ngendlela efanayo ngobukhulu njengenani lama-athomu angaphezulu, okuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ezintweni ezinezithwali ezimbalwa ezifana nama-semiconductors;
(5) Inani lama-athomu angomakhelwane we-athomu kazibuthe elingaphezulu liyehla, okubangela umzuzu kazibuthe wama-athomu angaphezulu ukuthi ukhule;
(6) I-Anisotropy yezinto ezincane zefilimu, njll.
Njengoba ukusebenza kwezinto zefilimu ezincane kuthinteka inqubo yokulungiselela, iningi lazo lisesimweni esingalingani ngesikhathi sokulungiselela. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka nokwakheka kwezinto zefilimu emincane kungashintshwa ebangeni elibanzi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa isimo sokulingana. Ngakho-ke, abantu bangalungisa izinto eziningi okunzima ukuzifinyelela ngezinto eziningi futhi bathole izakhiwo ezintsha. Lesi isici esibalulekile sezinto zefilimu ezincanyana kanye nesizathu esibalulekile esenza ukuba izinto zefilimu ezincanyana zidonse ukunaka kwabantu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswa izindlela zamakhemikhali noma ezingokwenyama, ifilimu elincanyana eliklanyelwe lingatholakala.