Qonda ngokujulile inqubo yokukhiqiza i-brown corundum powder
Uma umi ngamamitha amathathu ukusuka esithandweni somlilo sikagesi, igagasi lokushisa elimbozwe yiphunga lensimbi eshisiwe likushaye ebusweni – i-bauxite slurry engaphezu kwama-degree angu-2200 esithandweni somlilo igobhoza ngamabhamuza abomvu egolide. Inkosi endala uLao Li yasula umjuluko wayo yathi: “Uyabona? Uma izinto zifana nefosholo elilodwa ngaphandle kwamalahle, izinga lokushisa lesithando lizokwehla ngama-degree angu-30, futhii-corundum ensundu okuphumayo kuzophuka njengamabhisikidi.” Le mbiza “yensimbi encibilikisiwe” ebilayo iyisimo sokuqala sokuzalwa kwempuphu ye-corundum ensundu.
1. Ukuncibilikisa: Umsebenzi onzima wokususa “i-jade” emlilweni
Igama elithi “ulaka” liqoshwe emathanjeni e-corundum ensundu, futhi lo mlingiswa ucwengisiswe esithandweni sikagesi se-arc:
Izithako zifana nomuthi: isisekelo se-bauxite (I-Al₂O₃>85%), i-anthracite reduction agent, kanye ne-iron filings kumele zifafazwe “njenge-matchmaker” – ngaphandle kwayo ukuze kusizwe ekuncibilikeni, ama-silicates okungcola awakwazi ukuhlanzwa. Izincwadi ezilinganisayo zamafektri amadala eSifundazweni saseHenan zonke zigugile: “Amalahle amaningi asho ikhabhoni ephezulu kanye nomnyama, kanti insimbi encane kakhulu isho i-slag ejiyile kanye nokuhlangana”
Imfihlo yesithando somlilo esigobile: Umzimba wesithando ugobile nge-engeli engama-degree angu-15 ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuncibilika kuhlukane ngokwemvelo, ungqimba olungezansi lwe-alumina emsulwa luqina lube yi-corundum ensundu, bese kuthi ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-ferrosilicon slag lukhishwe. Inkosi endala isebenzise i-pick ende ukubhoboza i-sampling port, kwathi amaconsi ancibilikisiwe aphola futhi ingxenye ephambeneyo yaba nsundu omnyama: “Lo mbala ulungile! Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubonisa ukuthi i-titanium iphakeme, kanti ukukhanya okumpunga kusho ukuthi i-silicon ayisuswanga ngokuphelele”
Ukupholisa okusheshayo kunquma umphumela: ukuncibilika kuthululwa emgodini ojulile bese kuthululwa ngamanzi abandayo ukuze “kuqhume” kube yizicucu, bese umhwamuko wamanzi wenza umsindo wokuqhekeka ofana nowe-popcorn. Ukupholisa okusheshayo kuvala amaphutha e-lattice, futhi ukuqina kuphakeme ngo-30% kunokupholisa kwemvelo – njengokucima inkemba, isihluthulelo “sishesha”
2. Ukuchoboza nokubumba: ubuciko bokubumba “abantu abanamandla”
Ubulukhuni bebhulokhi le-corundum elinsundu eliphuma nje kuhhavini bufana noboamadayimaneKuthatha inkathazo enkulu ukuyiguqula ibe “isosha elikhethekile” elisezingeni le-micron:
Ukuvulwa okuqinile kwesichobozi somhlathi
Ipuleti lomhlathi elinomswakama “liyaqhekeka” kanti ibhlogo elingangebhola lomnqakiswano liphukile laba ama-walnut. Umqhubi uXiao Zhang wakhomba isikrini wakhononda: “Ngesikhathi sokugcina kwaxutshwa isitini esingenasici, futhi ipuleti lomhlathi laphula isikhala. Ithimba lokulungisa langixosha futhi langithethisa izinsuku ezintathu”
Ukuguqulwa kwemishini yokudlala ibhola
I-ball mill egcwele umsindo we-granite, kanti amabhola ensimbi ashaya amabhlogo njengabadansi abanobudlova. Ngemva kwamahora angama-24 okugaya okuqhubekayo, impuphu emnyama ensundu ecolekileyo yaphuma echwebeni lokukhipha. “Kukhona icebo lapha,” kusho uchwepheshe ethinta iphaneli yokulawula: “Uma ijubane lidlula ama-35 rpm, izinhlayiya zizogaywa zibe izinaliti; uma lingaphansi kwama-28 rpm, imiphetho izoba bukhali kakhulu.”
Ukuhlinzwa Kwepulasitiki eBarmac
Umugqa wokukhiqiza ophezulu ukhombisa ikhadi lawo eliyinhloko – i-Barmac vertical shaft impact crusher. Izinto zichotshozwa ngokuzishayisana ngaphansi kokushayela kwe-rotor enesivinini esikhulu, kanti i-micro powder ekhiqizwayo iyindilinga njengamatshe omfula. Ifektri yamasondo okugaya eSifundazweni saseZhejiang ilinganisiwe: ngencazelo efanayo ye-micro powder, indlela yendabuko inobuningi obungu-1.75g/cm³, kuyilapho indlela yeBarmac inobuningi obungu-1.92g/cm³! UMnu. Li wasonta isampula wabubula: “Esikhathini esidlule, ifektri yamasondo okugaya yayihlala ikhala ngokugeleza okuncane kwe-powder, kodwa manje ikhala ngokuthi isivinini sokugcwalisa sishesha kakhulu ukuba singahambisana nayo.”
3. Ukuhlola nokuhlanza: ukuzingela okunembile emhlabeni wama-micron
Ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya eziyi-1/10 zobukhulu bezinwele zibe amamaki ahlukene kuyimpi yomphefumulo wenqubo:
Imfihlakalo yokuhlukaniswa komoya
Umoya ocindezelwe ongu-0.7MPa ungena ekamelweni lokuhlukanisa ngempuphu, futhi isivinini se-impeller sinquma "umugqa wokungena": i-8000 rpm ivala i-W40 (40μm), kanti i-12000 rpm ibamba i-W10 (10μm). "Ngisaba kakhulu umswakama owedlulele", umqondisi we-workshop wakhomba umbhoshongo wokususa umswakama: "Ngenyanga edlule, i-condenser yavuza i-fluorine, futhi i-micro powder yahlangana yavala ipayipi. Kuthathe amashifu amathathu ukuyihlanza."
Ummese omnene wokuhlukaniswa kwe-hydraulic
Kuma-powder acwebezelayo angaphansi kwe-W5, ukugeleza kwamanzi kuba yindlela yokuhlukanisa. Amanzi ahlanzekile ebhakedeni lokulinganisa aphakamisa i-powder ecwebezelayo ngesivinini sokugeleza esingu-0.5m/s, bese izinhlayiya eziqinile zihlala kuqala. Umsebenzisi ubheka imitha yokushintshashintsha kwamanzi: “Uma izinga lokugeleza lishesha ngo-0.1m/s, ingxenye ye-powder ye-W3 izophuma; uma ihamba kancane ngo-0.1m/s, i-W10 izoxubana futhi ibangele inkinga.”
Impi eyimfihlo yokuhlukaniswa kwamagnetic kanye nokususwa kwensimbi
I-roller enamandla kamagnetic isusa ama-iron filings ngamandla okumunca angu-12,000 gauss, kodwa ayinawo amandla okumelana namabala e-iron oxide. Icebo lefektri yaseShandong yileli: cwilisa i-oxalic acid ngaphambi kokuyicola, guqula i-Fe₂O₃ enzima ibe yi-soluble ferrous oxalate, bese okuqukethwe kwensimbi engcolile kwehla kusuka ku-0.8% kuya ku-0.15%.
4. Pukukhahlela kanye nokugaya: "ukuzalwa kabusha" kwezinto ezisusa ukuvuvukala
Uma ufunai-corundum micropowder ensunduUkuze umelane nokuhlolwa esondweni lokugaya lokushisa eliphezulu, kufanele udlule izivivinyo ezimbili zokuphila nokufa:
I-dialectics ye-pickling eyisisekelo se-asidi
Amabhamuza ethangini le-hydrochloric acid ayakhukhumala ancibilikise ukungcola kwensimbi, futhi ukulawula ukuhlushwa kufana nokuhamba ngentambo eqinile: ngaphansi kuka-15% abakwazi ukuhlanza ukugqwala, futhi ngaphezu kuka-22% kuyawudla umzimba we-alumina. ULao Li waphakamisa iphepha lokuhlola le-PH ukuze anikeze ulwazi: “Uma unciphisa ukugeza nge-alkaline, kufanele ucindezele ngokunembile i-PH=7.5. I-asidi izobangela ama-burrs kumakristalu, futhi i-alkaline izobangela ubuso bezinhlayiya ukuba bube yimpuphu.”
Iphazili lokushisa le-calcination
Ngemva kokushisa okuphansi ngo-1450℃/amahora angu-6 kuhhavini ojikelezayo, ukungcola kwe-ilmenite kuyabola kube yisigaba se-rutile, futhi ukumelana nokushisa kwe-micropowder kukhuphuka ngo-300℃. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuguga kwe-thermocouple yefektri ethile, izinga lokushisa langempela ladlula u-1550℃, futhi wonke ama-micro powder aphuma esithandweni ashiswa abe “amakhekhe e-sesame” – amathani angu-30 ezinto alahlwa ngqo, futhi umqondisi wefektri wakhathazeka kakhulu waze wanyathela izinyawo zakhe.
Isiphetho: Ubuhle bezimboni phakathi kwamamilimitha
Eshabhu lokugeza, imishini isaduma. ULao Li wasula uthuli ezingutsheni zakhe zokusebenza wathi: “Ngemuva kokusebenza kule mboni iminyaka engama-30, ekugcineni ngiyaqonda ukuthi ama-micro powder amahle 'acwengisiswa ngo-70% futhi aphila ngo-30%' - izithako ziyisisekelo, ukuchoboza kuncike ekuqondeni, kanti ukuhlungwa kuncike ekuqapheleni.” Kusukela ku-bauxite kuya kuma-micro powder amancane asezingeni eliphansi, impumelelo kwezobuchwepheshe ihlala ijikeleza ezindaweni ezintathu: ubumsulwa (ukukhipha ukungcola kanye nokususwa kokungcola), isimo (ukubumba i-Barmac), kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiya (ukuhlungwa okunembile).