Isingeniso kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-Cerium oxide
I. Uhlolojikelele Lomkhiqizo
I-Cerium oxide (CeO₂), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cerium dioxide,iyi-oxide yesici somhlaba esingavamile i-cerium, enombala ophuzi ophuzi ovela kokumhlophe. Njengommeleli obalulekile wezinhlanganisela zomhlaba ezingavamile, i-cerium oxide isetshenziswa kakhulu ekucwebezeni ingilazi, ukuhlanzwa kwe-exhaust yezimoto, i-ceramics ye-elekthronikhi, amandla amasha kanye nezinye izinkambu ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali eziyingqayizivele kanye nezakhiwo ze-catalytic. Indawo yayo yokuncibilika icishe ibe ngu-2400 ℃, inokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ayincibiliki emanzini, futhi ingahlala izinzile ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nemvelo eqinile ye-oxidizing.
Emkhiqizweni wezimboni,i-cerium oxidengokuvamile ikhishwa kumaminerali aqukethe i-cerium (njenge-fluorocarbon cerium ore kanye ne-monazite) futhi itholakala ngokucwiliswa kwe-asidi, i-extraction, imvula, ukubala nezinye izinqubo. Ngokusho kobumsulwa nosayizi wezinhlayiyana, ingahlukaniswa ngebanga lokupholisha, ibanga le-catalytic, i-electronic grade kanye nemikhiqizo ye-nano-grade, phakathi kwayo i-nano cerium oxide ephezulu yokuhlanzeka iyinto eyinhloko yezicelo eziphezulu.
II. Izici Zomkhiqizo
Ukusebenza okuhle kokupholisha:I-Cerium oxideinekhono lokupholisha ngemishini ngamakhemikhali, elingasusa ngokushesha amaphutha angaphezulu kwengilazi futhi lithuthukise isiphetho esingaphezulu.
Ikhono le-redox eliqinile: Ushintsho oluhlehliswayo phakathi kwe-Ce⁴⁺ ne-Ce³⁺ luyinika ukugcinwa komoyampilo okuhlukile nomsebenzi wokukhipha, ofaneleka ngokukhethekile ukusabela kwe-catalytic.
Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali okuqinile: Akulula ukusabela ngama-asidi amaningi nezisekelo, futhi kungagcina ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.
Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: Iphuzu eliphakeme lokuncibilika kanye nokuzinza kokushisa kuyenza ifanele izinqubo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye ne-ceramics ye-elekthronikhi.
Usayizi wezinhlayiyana olawulekayo: Usayizi wezinhlayiyana zomkhiqizo ungashintshwa usuka ku-micron uye ku-nanometer ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukene zezimboni.
III. Izindawo zokufaka izicelo eziyinhloko
1. Ingilazi kanye ne-optical polishing
I-Cerium oxide polishing powder iyona nto eyinhloko yokucubungula ingilazi yesimanje. Isenzo salo somshini wamakhemikhali singasusa ngempumelelo imihuzuko emincane futhi senze umphumela wesibuko. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu:
Ukupholishwa komakhalekhukhwini nezikrini zokuthinta ikhompyutha;
Ukugaya okunembayo kwamalensi optical aphezulu kanye namalensi ekhamera;
Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwezikrini ze-LCD nengilazi ye-TV;
I-Precision crystal kanye ne-optical glass product processing.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto zokupholisha ze-iron oxide evamile, i-cerium oxide inesivinini sokupholisha esisheshayo, ukukhanya okuphezulu kwendawo, nempilo ende yesevisi.
2. I-Automobile exhaust catalyst
I-Cerium oxide iyingxenye eyinhloko kuma-catalysts emoto yezindlela ezintathu. Ingakwazi ukugcina futhi ikhulule umoya-mpilo ngempumelelo, ibone ukuguqulwa kwe-catalytic ye-carbon monoxide (CO), ama-nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) nama-hydrocarbons (HC), ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ukukhishwa kwegesi ekhipha umoya wezimoto futhi ihlangabezane nezindinganiso eziqinile zemvelo.
3. Amandla amasha namaseli kaphethiloli
I-Nano cerium oxide ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza nokuqina kwamabhethri njengama-electrolyte noma izinto ze-interlayer kumaseli e-solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-cerium oxide iphinde ibonise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu emkhakheni we-hydrogen catalytic decomposition kanye nezithako zebhethri ze-lithium-ion.
4. I-ceramics ye-elekthronikhi nezithasiselo zengilazi
Njengento ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa kobumba be-elekthronikhi, i-cerium oxide ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ama-capacitor, ama-thermistors, izinto zokuhlunga ezibonakalayo, njll. Uma yengezwe engilazini, ingabamba iqhaza ekushintsheni umbala, ekuthuthukiseni ukukhanya, nasekuvikeleni i-UV, futhi ithuthukise ukuqina nezici ze-optical zengilazi.
5. Izimonyo nezinto zokuzivikela
Izinhlayiya ze-Nano cerium oxide zingamunca imisebe ye-ultraviolet futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ezikhiqizweni zelanga kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba. Zinezinzuzo zokuzinza kwe-inorganic futhi azidonswa kalula yisikhumba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yengezwa ezimbotsheni zezimboni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala kanye namakhono okulwa nokuguga.
6. Ukulawulwa kwemvelo kanye ne-chemical catalysis
I-Cerium oxide inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile ekuhlanzweni kwegesi yemfucuza yezimboni, i-sewage catalytic oxidation neminye imikhakha. Ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kwe-catalytic kwenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ezinqubweni ezifana nokuqhekeka kwe-petroleum kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali.
IV. Umkhuba wokuthuthukisa
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwamandla amasha, i-optics, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nezinye izimboni, isidingo sei-cerium oxideiyaqhubeka ikhula. Izikhombisi-ndlela zokuthuthukisa eziyinhloko esikhathini esizayo zihlanganisa:
I-Nano- nokusebenza okuphezulu: thuthukisa indawo ethile kanye nomsebenzi wokusabela we-cerium oxide ngokusebenzisa i-nanotechnology.
Izinto zokupholisha eziluhlaza futhi ezinobungani nemvelo: thuthukisa ukungcola okuphansi, impushana yokupholisha ebuyisa kakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwensiza.
Ukunwetshwa kwenkundla yamandla amasha: Kunethuba elibanzi lemakethe kumandla we-hydrogen, amaseli kaphethiloli, nezinto zokugcina amandla.
Ukugaywa kabusha kwensiza: Qinisa ukutholwa komhlaba okungandile kwempushana yokupholisha udoti kanye ne-ehaust catalyst ukuze kuncishiswe ukumosheka kwensiza.
V. Isiphetho
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokupholisha, umsebenzi we-catalytic nokuzinza, i-cerium oxide isiyinto ebalulekile yokucubungula ingilazi, umshini wokukhipha umoya wezimoto, izitsha zobumba zikagesi kanye nezimboni ezintsha zamandla. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhula kwesidingo sezimboni eziluhlaza, ububanzi bokufakwa kwe-cerium oxide buzonwetshwa ngokwengeziwe, futhi inani lemakethe namandla ayo okuthuthuka ngeke kukhawulelwe.