Isingeniso semikhiqizo ye-silicon emnyama kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ekuqhumeni kwesihlabathi
I-silicon emnyamainto esebenzayo ye-silicon enesakhiwo esikhethekile esingaphezulu, esiqanjwe ngekhono layo lokumunca ukukhanya eliqine kakhulu kanye ne-micro-nano surface morphology eyingqayizivele. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthukiswa kokunemba kokwelashwa okungaphezulu kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu, i-silicon emnyama iye yasetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-photovoltaics, optoelectronics, semiconductors, optical component production kanye neminye imikhakha enezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba namakhemikhali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-silicon emnyama ingene kancane kancane embonini ye-sandblasting engaphezulu futhi isibe uhlobo olusha lwempahla ye-sandblasting esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ⅰ. Izici eziyisisekelo ze-silicon emnyama
I-silicon emnyama yakhiwa ngokwelapha indawo ye-silicon ngochungechunge lobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela isakhiwo se-micro-nano (njengokushumeka kwe-ion esebenzayo, ukucwiliswa kwamakhemikhali okusizwa ngensimbi, ukufakwa kwe-laser-induced etching, njll.). Ubuso bayo buveza ikhoni eliminyene noma isakhiwo sekholomu, esinganciphisa kakhulu ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya. Ukubonakala kubhendi eseduze ne-infrared ebonakalayo kungaba ngaphansi kuka-1%, ngakho-ke kumnyama ngokubukeka.
I-silicon emnyama ayigcini nje ngokuba nezinto ezinhle kakhulu ze-optical, kodwa futhi inezinzuzo zokuqina okuphezulu, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, nokumelana nokugqwala. Isakhiwo sayo sezinhlayiyana siqinile futhi sifanele imijikelezo eminingi ngaphansi kwezimo zomthelela wesivinini esikhulu. Isebenza kangcono ku-sandblasting kune-abrasives yendabuko efana ne-corundum emhlophe, i-corundum ensundu, isihlabathi se-quartz, njll.
Ⅱ. Izinzuzo ze-silicon emnyama ku-sandblasting
I-Sandblasting iyindlela yokwelapha engaphezulu esebenzisa ukugeleza kwesihlabathi esinesivinini esikhulu ukuze kuthinte indawo engaphezulu ukuze kufezwe ukuhlanzwa, ukususwa kongqimba lwe-oxide, imiphumela elukhuni noma yokuhlobisa. Njenge-abrasive esebenza kahle kakhulu, i-silicon emnyama inezinzuzo ezisobala emkhakheni we-sandblasting:
1. Umphumela omuhle futhi ofanayo wendawo
Isakhiwo sejometri sezinhlayiya ze-silicon ezimnyama sijwayelekile futhi i-morphology izinzile. Ngemuva kokufafaza, kungakha umphumela ofanayo futhi ongaguquki we-matte ebusweni bomsebenzi. Lo mphumela wokwelapha ufaneleka ngokukhethekile emikhiqizweni efana nengilazi yokubona, i-lens housing, izingxenye zesakhiwo se-aluminium alloy, njll. enezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokungaguquguquki kwendawo nokubukeka.
2. Ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nomthelela
Ukuqina kwe-Mohs ye-silicon emnyama kuphezulu njengokungu-8.5 noma ngaphezulu, izinga lokuphuka phakathi nokuqhuma kwesihlabathi liphansi, futhi impilo yesevisi yinde. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesihlabathi sequartz esivamile noma ubuhlalu bengilazi, ukuqhunyiswa kwe-silicon emnyama kusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kunamandla okuthonya anamandla, futhi kungaqeda ukuhlanza okujulile kanye nokwenza roughening ngesikhathi esifushane.
3. Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu nokuvikelwa kwemvelo
Ukuhlanzeka kwe-silicon emnyama kuvame ukuba ngaphezu kwama-99%, futhi akuqukethe ukungcola okuyingozi njenge-silicon yamahhala noma izinsimbi ezisindayo. Inokungcola okuphansi kothuli endaweni yokusebenzela ye-sandblasting futhi ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu njengezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, izisetshenziswa zezokwelapha, kanye nokupakishwa kwe-semiconductor. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwakheka kwayo kwezinhlayiyana kuzinzile, ukukhiqiza uthuli kuncane, futhi kuphephe kakhudlwana empilweni yabaqhubi.
4. Isebenziseka kabusha futhi iyalawuleka
Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu nokuzinza kwesakhiwo, i-silicon emnyama isengakwazi ukugcina umphumela omuhle wokufafaza ngemva kwemijikelezo eminingi, inciphisa kakhulu ukulahlekelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Emishinini emikhulu ye-sandblasting ezenzakalelayo, i-silicon emnyama ibonisa umnotho ongcono.
Ⅲ. Izindawo ezijwayelekile zohlelo lokusebenza
Ama-abrasive we-silicon sandblasting asetshenziswe kabanzi kule mikhakha elandelayo:
Ukwelashwa kwe-matte yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezinembile: njengohlaka oluphakathi lwefoni ephathekayo, igobolondo lencwajana, igobolondo lewashi elihlakaniphile neminye imikhiqizo ye-aluminium alloy;
I-Optical glass frosting treatment: isetshenziselwa ilensi, isihlungi, i-optical window matte kanye nomhlobiso;
Izingxenye ze-Aerospace nezempi: susa ungqimba lwe-oxide ngaphandle kokushintsha usayizi ukuze uthuthukise ukunamathela kokunamathela;
Ukufakwa kwephakeji ye-elekthronikhi ebusweni: thuthukisa ukunemba kokupakisha nokunamathela esibonakalayo;
I-Ceramic kanye ne-composite material micro-sandblasting: ukwelashwa okwenziwa phezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okubopha.
Ⅳ. Isifinyezo
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-sandblasting kanye nemboni yokukhiqiza iqhubekela ekunembeni okuphezulu nokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuphezulu, izinto zendabuko zokuqhumisa isihlabathi ngeke zisahlangabezana nezidingo zezinqubo eziphezulu. I-silicon emnyama, njenge-abrasive esebenzayo enamandla amakhulu, ukukhanya okuphansi, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, isiba into ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa embonini ye-sandblasting. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusekukhiqizweni okunembayo, i-optical matte, noma ekucutshungulweni kwedivayisi ye-elekthronikhi, ukunakekelwa kwangaphambili kwendawo yokusebenza kwe-aerospace nezinye izinkambu, i-silicon emnyama ibonise amathuba okusebenza abanzi.