Inqubo Yokulungiselela kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-Aluminium Oxide powder
Uma kufikai-alumina powder, abantu abaningi bangase bazizwe bengajwayelene nayo. Kodwa uma kuziwa ezikrinini zamaselula esizisebenzisa nsuku zonke, izimbotshana zobumba ezinqoleni zesitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu, ngisho namathayela okushisa okushisa emikhumbi-mkhathi, ukuba khona kwale mpushana emhlophe kudingekile ngemva kwale mikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Njengento "yomhlaba wonke" emkhakheni wezimboni, inqubo yokulungiselela i-aluminium oxide powder iye yaba nezinguquko ezinyakazisa umhlaba phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Umbhali wake wasebenza endaweni ethilei-aluminainkampani yokukhiqiza iminyaka eminingi futhi wazibonela ngawakhe ukugxuma kwezobuchwepheshe kwale mboni kusuka “ekwenziweni kwensimbi okujwayelekile” kuya ekukhiqizeni okuhlakaniphile.
I. “Izimbazo Ezintathu” Zobungcweti Bendabuko
Eshabhu yokulungiselela i-alumina, ongcweti abanolwazi bavame ukuthi, “Ukuze ubambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni i-alumina, umuntu kufanele asebenzise amakhono amathathu abalulekile.” Lokhu kubhekisela kumasu amathathu endabuko: inqubo ye-Bayer, inqubo ye-sintering kanye nenqubo ehlanganisiwe. Inqubo ye-Bayer ifana namathambo esitshulu esitobhini esicindezelayo, lapho i-alumina eku-bauxite incibilika esixazululo se-alkaline ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokucindezela okukhulu. Ngo-2018, ngesikhathi sisalungisa ulayini omusha wokukhiqiza e-Yunnan, ngenxa yokuphambuka kokulawula ingcindezi okungu-0.5MPa, ukucwebezela kwalo lonke ibhodwe le-slurry akuphumelelanga, okuholele ekulahlekeni okuqondile kwama-yuan angaphezu kuka-200,000.
Indlela ye-sintering ifana nendlela abantu basenyakatho abawenza ngayo ama-noodle. Kudinga i-bauxite ne-limestone ukuba "ixutshwe" ngokulingana bese "ibhakwa" ekushiseni okuphezulu kuhhavini elijikelezayo. Khumbula ukuthi u-Master Zhang eshabhu unekhono eliyingqayizivele. Ngokubuka nje umbala welangabi, angakwazi ukunquma izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kweziko ngephutha elingekho ngaphezu kuka-10℃. Le “ndlela yabantu” yokuhlangenwe nakho enqwabelene ayizange ithathelwe indawo amasistimu we-infrared thermal imaging kuze kube unyaka odlule.
Indlela ehlanganisiwe ihlanganisa izici ezimbili zangaphambili. Isibonelo, lapho wenza ibhodwe elishisayo le-yin-yang, zombili izindlela ezine-asidi neze-alkaline zenziwa kanyekanye. Le nqubo ifaneleka ikakhulukazi ukucubungula ama-ores asezingeni eliphansi. Ibhizinisi elithile esiFundazweni saseShanxi likwazile ukukhulisa izinga lokusebenzisa insimbi engenamafutha ngesilinganiso se-aluminium-silicon esingu-2.5 ngo-40% ngokwenza ngcono indlela ehlanganisiwe.
Ii. Indlela YokugqashukaUkuqamba Okusha Kwezobuchwepheshe
Indaba yokusetshenziswa kwamandla kobuciko bendabuko ibilokhu iyinkinga embonini. Idatha yezimboni kusukela ngo-2016 ikhombisa ukuthi isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kukagesi ngethani ngalinye le-alumina singamahora angu-1,350 kilowatt-amahora, okulingana nokusetshenziswa kukagesi ekhaya isigamu sonyaka. “Ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilika kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi” obuthuthukiswe inkampani ethile, ngokwengeza ama-catalyst akhethekile, kunciphisa izinga lokushisa lokusabela lisuka ku-280℃ liye ku-220℃. Lokhu kukodwa konga u-30% wamandla.
Izinto zokulala ezimanzi engazibona efekthri ethile eShandong zawuchitha umbono wami. Lesi "steel giant" enezitezi ezinhlanu ubude sigcina i-mineral powder isesimweni esimisiwe ngegesi, kunciphisa isikhathi sokusabela sisuka emahoreni angu-6 enqubweni evamile siye kumaminithi angu-40. Okumangalisa nakakhulu uhlelo lwayo lokulawula oluhlakaniphile, olungalungisa amapharamitha enqubo ngesikhathi sangempela njengodokotela wendabuko waseShayina ethatha ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
Mayelana nokukhiqizwa okuluhlaza, imboni yenza umbukiso omuhle kakhulu "wokuguqula imfucuza ibe ingcebo". Udaka olubomvu, olwake lwaba insalela yemfucuza enzima, manje selungenziwa lube imicu yobumba kanye nezinto zombhede womgwaqo. Ngonyaka odlule, iphrojekthi yokubonisa eyavakashelwa e-Guangxi yaze yenza izinto zokwakha ezingashi ngodaka olubomvu, futhi intengo yemakethe yayiphakeme ngo-15% kunemikhiqizo yendabuko.
Iii. Amathuba Angapheli Okuthuthukisa Ikusasa
Ukulungiswa kwe-nano-alumina kungabhekwa "njengobuciko be-micro-sculpture" emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha. Imishini yokomisa i-supercritical ebonwa elabhorethri ingalawula ukukhula kwezinhlayiya ezingeni lamangqamuzana, futhi ama-nano-powder akhiqizwayo angcono nakakhulu kunempova. Le nto, uma isetshenziswa kuzihlukanisi zebhethri le-lithium, ingaphinda kabili impilo yebhethri.
I-microwaveubuchwepheshe be-sintering bungikhumbuza i-oven microwave ekhaya. Umehluko ukuthi amadivaysi e-microwave ebanga lezimboni angakwazi ukushisisa izinto ezifika ku-1600℃ phakathi nemizuzu emi-3, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwamandla kuyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuphela yalezo zezithando zikagesi zendabuko. Okungcono nakakhulu, le ndlela yokushisa ingathuthukisa i-microstructure yezinto ezibonakalayo. Izitsha zobumba ze-alumina ezenziwe inkampani ethile yemboni yezempi nazo zinobulukhuni obuqhathaniseka nobedayimane.
Ushintsho olusobala kakhulu olulethwa ukuguqulwa okuhlakaniphile yisikrini esikhulu ekamelweni lokulawula. Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, izisebenzi ezinekhono zazihambahamba negumbi lemishini nezincwadi zokuqopha. Manje, abantu abasha bangaqedela yonke inqubo yokuqapha ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje kwegundane. Kodwa okujabulisayo, onjiniyela bezinqubo eziphezulu kakhulu esikhundleni salokho sebephenduke “othisha” bohlelo lwe-AI, abadinga ukuguqula amashumi eminyaka okuhlangenwe nakho babe nengqondo ye-algorithmic.
Ukuguqulwa kusuka ku-ore kuya ekuhlanzekeni okuphezulu kwe-alumina akuyona nje incazelo yokusabela ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kodwa futhi kuyikristalu yokuhlakanipha komuntu. Lapho amafekthri ahlakaniphile e-5G ehlangabezana “nokuhlangenwe nakho kokuzizwa kwesandla” kwezingcweti zezandla, futhi lapho i-nanotechnology ixoxa neziko zendabuko, lokhu kuguquguquka kobuchwepheshe okweminyaka eyikhulu kusekude ukuphela. Mhlawumbe, njengoba iphepha elimhlophe lakamuva lemboni libikezela, isizukulwane esilandelayo sokukhiqizwa kwe-alumina sizoqhubekela "ekukhiqizeni izinga le-athomu". Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bugxumela kanjani, ukuxazulula izidingo ezingokoqobo nokudala inani langempela izixhumanisi zaphakade zokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe.