Imfihlo yempuphu ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe
Labo abake basebenza ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe bayazi ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuhlanganisa izinzuzo zezinto ezahlukene zibe isidlo esihle kunokuhlanganisa ubudlelwano phakathi komamezala nomalokazana. Kodwa selokhu kwavelai-powder ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza, "izinongo zomlingo", indilinga yezinto ezihlanganisiwe ivule ngqo "imodi yokuvula". Namuhla, ake sembule lesi simbozo esiyimfihlakalo futhi sibone ukuthi le nqwaba yempuphu eluhlaza ingenza kanjani ochwepheshe abaziqhenyayo njenge-carbon fiber kanye nezinto zobumba balalele.
1. “Iqhawe elinobunxande” elinekhono
Impuphu ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza izalwa ibe “yimpuphu yamaphupho” yezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Ubulukhuni be-Mohs bungu-9.5, okuyinto embi kakhulu kunedayimane. Ifektri yama-brake pad eGuangdong iqhathanise. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezixutshwe ne-silicon carbide eluhlaza engu-20% zinenkomba yokumelana nokuguguleka ephindwe kathathu kunezinto zendabuko. Umqondisi we-workshop uLao Huang wathinta isampula wabubula: “Ngalobu bulukhuni, awukwazi ngisho nokushiya uphawu ngemuva kokubuhlikihla ngephepha lesihlabathi isigamu sehora!”
Ukushisa kuyamangalisa nakakhulu. I-Shandong Research Institute ilinganise idatha futhi yathola ukuthi ukushisa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ku-aluminium eziqukethe i-15% ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukhuphukele ku-220W/(m·K), okunamandla angu-30% kune-aluminium emsulwa. Uchwepheshe uXiao Liu wabuka isithombe se-thermal wababaza: “Lokhu kusebenza kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa kufana nokufaka uhlelo lokupholisa amanzi ku-CPU!”
Ukuqina kwamakhemikhali kuhlukile nakakhulu. Ekuhlolweni kwezinto zokwakheka kwepayipi lamakhemikhali eNingbo, izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-silicon carbide eluhlaza zacwiliswa ku-sulfuric acid egxilile isigamu sonyaka, kanti izinga lokulahlekelwa isisindo lalingaphansi kuka-0.3%. Umhloli wekhwalithi uLao Wang waphakamisa isampula waqhosha wathi: “Lokhu kumelana nokugqwala, ngisho nesithando sikaTaishang Laojun se-alchemy kufanele sidlule ugwayi!”
2. "Isikhathi somlingo" senqubo yokuhlanganisa
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlakazeka manje sebusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Inkampani eJiangsu iqhamuke nenhlanganisela "ye-ultrasound + ball milling", ehlakaza i-micropowder ngokulinganayo kunamaparele asetiyeni lobisi. UMaster Lao Li waphakamisa isithombe se-electron microscope waqhosha wathi: "Bheka lokhu kusabalala kobuningi, izintuthwane zizolahleka uma zikhuphuka!"
Ubuchwepheshe obumnyama bokuhlanganiswa kwe-interface buqine kakhulu. I-nano-coupling agent eyakhiwe yilabhorethri eShanghai inyuse amandla okubopha phakathi kwe-micropowder kanye ne-matrix afinyelela ku-150MPa. Umholi wephrojekthi waphakamisa izibuko zakhe wathi: “Ngesikhathi sokugcina senza ukuhlolwa kwe-shear, i-fixture yayikhubazekile, kodwa izinto ezihlanganisiwe azizange zihlukane!”
3. "Gqamisa indawo" yokuhlolwa kwangempela kokulwa
Imboni yezindiza ibilokhu ihlanya isikhathi eside. Ama-turbine blades efektri ethile yezinjini zezindiza eChengdu asetshenziswai-silicon carbide eluhlazaukuqinisa izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ku-ceramic, futhi ukumelana kwezinga lokushisa kufinyelela ngqo ku-1600℃. Umshayeli wokuhlola uLao Zhang wabheka ideshibhodi wabe esekhala: “Ngalo msebenzi, izinjini zejethi kufanele zibize ubaba!”
Ibherekhi yebhethri yezimoto ezintsha zamandla ijabulisa kakhulu. Ibherekhi ehlanganisiwe ye-carbon fiber yomkhiqizi eNingde inamandla athile aphindwe kasishiyagalombili kunensimbi ngemuva kokuxutshwa ne-silicon carbide eluhlaza. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokushayisana, unjiniyela wezokuphepha uLao Li washaya umnyango wemoto wahleka: “Manje lo mzimba wemoto ufana nokugqoka izendlalelo ezintathu zamavesti angenazibhamu!”
Insimu yezitofu zokushisa zesiteshi se-5G iyamangalisa. Irediyetha ehlanganisiwe esekelwe ku-aluminium yomkhiqizi eHangzhou ine-coefficient yokwandisa ukushisa elawulwa ku-4.8×10⁻⁶/℃. Umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe wakhomba idatha yokuhlola umjikelezo wokushisa futhi waqhosha wathi: “Ingalungiswa kusuka ku--50℃ kuya ku-200℃, futhi ushintsho losayizi lubi kakhulu kune-Virgo!”
4, “Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside” ku-akhawunti yezindleko
Ungabheki intengo ephezulu yamayunithii-micropowder eluhlaza ye-silicon carbide, ngokuqinisekile kunenzuzo uma ubala i-akhawunti iyonke. Ifektri yemishini eChongqing yenze ukubalwa kwezimali: yize izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa zikhuphuke ngo-25%, impilo yomkhiqizo iphindwe kane, kanti izindleko zokulungisa ezilondolozwe eminyakeni emithathu zanele ukwakha i-workshop entsha. Owesifazane wezezimali uthepha i-calculator wahleka: “Leli bhizinisi linenzuzo kakhulu kunokuthengisa ngemali mboleko!”
Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuyajabulisa nakakhulu ngasese. Ngokwezilinganiso zangempela zomugqa wokukhiqiza ozenzakalelayo eTianjin, isikhathi sokulungisa izinto ezihlanganisiwe sifinyezwe ngo-40%. Umqondisi we-workshop wabuka isikrini esikhulu washaya imilenze yakhe: “Manje amandla okukhiqiza afana nokugibela irokhethi, futhi amakhasimende awasabi lapho ecela ama-oda!”
I-micropowder ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza yanamuhla ayiseyona umkhiqizo womqondo elabhorethri. Kusukela ezindizayo esibhakabhakeni kuya ezimotweni zamandla ezintsha ezigijima phansi, kusukela kuma-chips omakhalekhukhwini angangesundu kuya kuma-blade e-wind turbine angamamitha ayi-100 ubude, ikhona yonke indawo. Ochwepheshe embonini bathi le nto yenze imbobo ophahleni lokusebenza kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Ngombono wami, lokhu akuyona nje ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezilula, kodwa "into esemqoka" embonini yanamuhla. Uma lo mkhuba uqhubeka, kungenzeka ukuthi ngolunye usuku amabhodi ethu okusika kuzodingeka asebenzise lobu buchwepheshe obumnyama - phela, ubani ongafuni ukuthi izinto zakhe zasekhishini zibe sezingeni elifanayo nezinto zezindiza?