Imfihlo ye-silicon carbide powder eluhlaza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe
Labo abaye basebenza ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe bayazi ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuhlanganisa izinzuzo zezinto ezihlukahlukene zibe isidlo esihle kunokuvumelanisa ubuhlobo phakathi komamazala nomalokazana. Kodwa kusukela ukuvelai-silicon carbide powder eluhlaza, "isinongo somlingo", umbuthano wezinto ezibonakalayo uvule ngokuqondile "imodi yokuvula". Namuhla, ake sembule leveli eliyimfihlakalo futhi sibone ukuthi le nqwaba yempushana eluhlaza ingenza kanjani izingcweti eziqhoshayo ezifana ne-carbon fibre nezitsha zobumba zilalele.
1. “Iqhawe elinezinhlangothi eziyisithupha” elinesiphiwo
I-silicon carbide powder eluhlaza izalwa ibe "impuphu yephupho" yezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Ukuqina kwe-Mohs kungu-9.5, okuwukuphefumula okubi kakhulu kunedayimane. Imboni yamabhuleki ephedi e-Guangdong yenze isiqhathaniso. Impahla eyinhlanganisela exutshwe ne-20% ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza inenkomba yokumelana nokugqoka ephindwe izikhathi ezi-3 kunezinto zendabuko. Umqondisi weshabhu uLao Huang wathinta isampula wabe esebubula: “Ngalobu bunzima, awukwazi ngisho nokushiya umaki ngemva kokuwuhlikihla nge-sandpaper isigamu sehora!”
I-thermal conductivity iyingozi nakakhulu. I-Shandong Research Institute ilinganise idatha futhi yathola ukuthi ukushintshwa okushisayo kwezinto eziyinhlanganisela esekwe ku-aluminium equkethe u-15% we-silicon carbide eluhlaza kunyukele ku-220W/(m·K), okunamandla angu-30% kune-aluminium emsulwa. Uchwepheshe u-Xiao Liu ugqolozele umthwebuli wesithombe esishisayo futhi wababaza: “Lokhu kusebenza kahle kokuqeda ukushisa kufana nokufaka isistimu yokupholisa amanzi ku-CPU!”
Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali kuhluke nakakhulu. Ekuhlolweni kolwelwesi lwamapayipi epayipi lamakhemikhali e-Ningbo, i-silicon carbide composite material eluhlaza yacwiliswa ku-sulfuric acid egxilile isikhathi esiyingxenye yonyaka, kanti izinga lokuncipha kwesisindo lalingaphansi kuka-0.3%. Umhloli wekhwalithi u-Lao Wang waphakamisa isampula futhi waqhosha: “Lokhu kumelana nokugqwala, ngisho nesithando somlilo saseTaishang Laojun kufanele siwudlulise ugwayi!”
2. “Isikhathi somlingo” senqubo eyinhlanganisela
Ubuchwepheshe bokusabalalisa manje buhle kakhulu. Inkampani yaseJiangsu iqhamuke nenhlanganisela “ye-ultrasound + ball milling”, ehlakaza i-micropowder ngokulinganayo kunamaparele asetiyeni lobisi. U-Master Lao Li waphakamisa isithombe se-electron microscope futhi waqhosha: “Bheka lokhu kuminyana kokusabalalisa, izintuthwane zizolahleka uma zikhuphuka!”
Ubuchwepheshe obumnyama bokuhlanganiswa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo bukhulu nakakhulu. I-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-nano eyakhiwe ilabhorethri e-Shanghai inyuse amandla okubopha phakathi kwe-micropowder ne-matrix yaba ngu-150MPa. Umholi walolu hlelo waphakamisa izibuko zakhe wathi: “Ngesikhathi sokugcina sihlola i-shear, umshini wawukhubazekile, kodwa izinto eziyinhlanganisela azizange ziphazamiseke!”
3. "Gqamisa isigcawu" sokuhlolwa kwempi yangempela
Imboni ye-aerospace iye yahlanya isikhathi eside. Ama-turbine blades emboni ethile yenjini yezindiza e-Chengdu asetshenziswai-silicon carbide eluhlazaukuqinisa izinto eziyinhlanganisela esekwe ku-ceramic, futhi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa kufinyelele ku-1600 ℃. Umshayeli wokuhlola u-Lao Zhang wabuka ideshibhodi waconsa amathe: “Ngalokhu kusebenza, izinjini zejethi kufanele zibize ubaba!”
Ubakaki webhethri wezimoto zamandla amasha ujabulisa kakhulu. Ubakaki oyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fiber yomkhiqizi e-Ningde unamandla athile aphindwe ka-8 ensimbi ngemva kokuxutshwa ne-silicon carbide eluhlaza. Phakathi nokuhlolwa kokushayisana, unjiniyela wezokuphepha uLao Li wambambatha isicabha semoto wayesehleka: “Manje lo mzimba wemoto usufana nokugqoka amavesti avikela izinhlamvu ezintathu!”
Inkambu yamasinki okushisa esiteshi se-5G iyahlanya. Irediyetha eyinhlanganisela esuselwa ku-aluminium yomkhiqizi e-Hangzhou ine-coefficient yokunweba okushisayo elawulwa ukuze ibe ngu-4.8×10⁻⁶/℃. Umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe wakhomba idatha yokuhlola umjikelezo oshisayo futhi waqhosha: “Ingalungiswa isuke ku-50℃ iye ku-200℃, futhi ukushintsha kosayizi kubi kakhulu kune-Virgo!”
4, "Isikhathi eside" ku-akhawunti yezindleko
Ungabheki inani eliphezulu leyunithi yei-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza, kunenzuzo nakanjani uma ubala i-akhawunti ephelele. Imboni yemishini e-Chongqing yenze ukubalwa kwezimali: nakuba izindleko zezinto ezingavuthiwe zenyuke ngo-25%, impilo yomkhiqizo iphindeke kane, futhi izindleko zokuwulungisa ezongiwe eminyakeni emithathu zanele ukwakha ishabhu entsha. Inkosikazi yezezimali yacofa umshini wokubala yabe isihleka: “Leli bhizinisi linenzuzo enkulu kunokubolekisa ngemali!”
Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kujabulisa ngokuyimfihlo nakakhulu. Ngokwezilinganiso zangempela zomugqa wokukhiqiza ozenzakalelayo e-Tianjin, isikhathi sokuphulukisa sezinto eziyinhlanganisela sifinyezwe ngama-40%. Umqondisi weshabhu wagqolozela isikrini esikhulu wayeseshaya imilenze yakhe: “Manje umthamo wokukhiqiza usufana nokugibela irokhethi, futhi amakhasimende awathuki lapho enxusa ama-oda!”
I-silicon carbide micropowder yanamuhla ayisewona umkhiqizo womqondo elabhorethri. Kusukela kumikhumbi-mkhathi endizayo esibhakabhakeni kuya ezimotweni zamandla amasha ezigijima phansi, kusukela kuma-chips omakhalekhukhwini angangobukhulu besundu kuye kuma-blades ama-wind turbine amamitha angu-100 ubude, ikhona yonke indawo. Omakadebona kulo mkhakha bathi le nto ivule imbobo ekusebenzeni kwezimpahla eziyinhlanganisela. Ngokubona kwami, lokhu akuyona nje ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezilula, kodwa "ukudubula engalweni" embonini yesimanje. Uma lo mkhuba uqhubeka, kungenzeka ukuthi ngelinye ilanga amabhodi ethu okusika kuyodingeka asebenzise lobu buchwepheshe babantu abamnyama - phela ubani ongafuni ukuthi izitsha zabo zasekhishini zibe sezingeni elifanayo nelezinto ze-aerospace?