Inani Eliyingqayizivele Le-Green Silicon Carbide Micropowder Embonini Ye-Semiconductor
Imboni ye-semiconductor ibilokhu ifana nobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, lapho abantu bevame ukuxoxa ngezihloko ezisezingeni eliphezulu njengemishini ye-photolithography kanye nomklamo wama-chip. Kodwa-ke, ngaphakathi kwale mboni, ezinye izinto ezibonakala zingabalulekile zidlala indima ebalulekile.I-micropowder ye-silicon carbide eluhlazaingenye yezinto ezinjalo. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalezi zinto ezikhethekile, sisebenza buthule ngendlela yokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor.
Ake ngiqale ngendaba ethakazelisayo. Ngonyaka odlule, ngaya embukisweni wezohwebo wemboni ye-semiconductor. Ebhokisini elingajwayelekile, onjiniyela abaningana babexoxa ngentshiseko ngomshini wokugaya. Belalele ngokucophelela, ngangibezwa bekhuluma ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuthi “i-green silicon carbide micropowder.” Ngangididekile ngaleso sikhathi; kwakuzwakala sengathi yi-abrasive yendabuko yezimboni, ngakho-ke ingaxhunyaniswa kanjani ne-semiconductors enembile? Kamuva, ngaqaphela ukuthi kulo mkhakha, uma izinto ziyisisekelo kakhulu, zibaluleke kakhulu.
Iyini ngempela i-green silicon carbide micropowder? Kalula nje, iyinto eqinile eyenziwe ngumuntu, encibilikiswa esithandweni sikagesi esishisa kakhulu ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ezifana nesihlabathi se-quartz kanye ne-petroleum coke. Ithola igama layo ngenxa yobumsulwa bayo obuphezulu nombala oluhlaza ohlukile. Ungazithathi kalula lezi zinhlayiya ezincane; ubulukhuni bazo bulandela idayimane kuphela, kodwa zinokuqina okuphezulu kokushisa kanye nokungabi namandla kwamakhemikhali.
Ekwenziweni kwe-semiconductor, ukuthamba kwe-wafer kunquma ngqo isivuno se-chip. Lokhu kusiletha ekhonweni eliyinhloko le-i-silicon carbide eluhlazai-micropowder: ukupholisha ngomshini kwamakhemikhali (i-CMP). ULao Zhang, unjiniyela wenqubo emshinini we-wafer, usebenzisa isifaniso esicacile: “Kufana nokunikeza i-wafer 'ukwelashwa kobuso'—ukuthambisa amaqhubu nokungalingani ngaphandle kokushiya imihuzuko. I-micropowder ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza ifana nezinhlayiya ze-microcrystalline ekunakekelweni kwesikhumba okuphezulu—ithambile kodwa isebenza kahle.” Ngempela, ekukhiqizeni ama-chip, ngisho nezingxenye ezimbalwa kweziyishumi ze-micron yokungalingani kungabangela isekethe esifushane noma esivulekile.
Ukuphathwa kokushisa kuyinselele eqhubekayo embonini ye-semiconductor. Njengoba ukuhlanganiswa kwama-chip kukhuphuka, ukushabalaliswa kokushisa kuba yinto evelele kakhulu.I-micropowder ye-silicon carbide eluhlazaunekhono eliyingqayizivele kulokhu: ukuyifaka ezintweni ezihambisa ukushisa kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukushabalalisa ukushisa. Unjiniyela we-thermal enkampanini eyaziwayo yama-chip ungitshele ukuthi, “Manje sisebenzisa i-micropowder ekhethekile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka e-thermal paste yethu ephezulu, ethuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-20%. Lokhu kusindisa impilo kubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-5nm kanye ne-3nm.”
I-green silicon carbide micropowder ibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwemishini ye-semiconductor. Izingxenye eziningi ezibalulekile emishinini ye-lithography kanye nemishini yokuqopha, engabiza amashumi ezigidi zama-yuan, zidinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu komshini wokugaya. Isibonelo, izinhlelo zokukhanya zemishini ye-lithography zidinga ukuthamba okuphezulu kakhulu kwesibuko, okudinga ukusetshenziswa kwe-green silicon carbide micropowder ukuzeukugaya ngokunemba. Isoka elinolwazi lweminyaka engu-20 lathi, “Ukusebenzisa le nto kudinga kakhulu. Usayizi wezinhlayiya, ukuhlushwa, kanye nenani le-pH konke kudinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile; ngisho nokuphambuka okuncane kakhulu kungathinta umphumela wokugcina.”
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngokukhula kwezinto ze-semiconductor zesizukulwane sesithathu, i-green silicon carbide micropowder ithole uhlelo olusha. Amadivayisi e-semiconductor asekelwe ku-silicon carbide ngokwawo adinga i-green silicon carbide micropowder ukuze agaye futhi apholishe ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Kungumjikelezo othakazelisayo—ukusebenzisa i-silicon carbide ukucubungula i-silicon carbide. Umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe wenkampani yezinto ezintsha ze-semiconductor wamomotheka wathi, “Kufana nokusebenzisa idayimane ukusika idayimane; kuphela njengoba izinto zingaqondana ngempela.”
I-green silicon carbide micropowder nayo idlala indima eyingqayizivele ekulawuleni ikhwalithi. Izimboni ze-semiconductor zidinga ukulungiswa kwemishini njalo, ikakhulukazi ukuhlanzwa kwemigqa yokuhambisa kanye namakamelo okusabela. Ngenxa yokuthi i-green silicon carbide micropowder ayinamakhemikhali futhi ayivezi ukungcola okusha, iyinto ekhethwayo yezinqubo zokuhlanza. Unjiniyela wokulungisa wembule ukuthi, “Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto zokubhula,i-micropowder eluhlaza ye-silicon carbideayishiyi ama-ion ensimbi ezindongeni zangaphakathi zemishini, okubalulekile ekugcineni indawo ehlanzekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-chip.
Yiqiniso, yonke into inendawo yokuthuthukisa. Izinselele zamanje ezibhekene ne-green silicon carbide micropowder zilele kakhulu ekulawuleni izindleko kanye nokuvumelana kwekhwalithi. Inqubo yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunegalelo entengo yayo ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufana kuzo zonke izinhlobo kuyinto ekhathazayo abasebenzisi. Kodwa-ke, izinkampani eziningana ezihamba phambili zasekhaya sezivele zibhekana nalezi zinkinga, zinciphisa kancane kancane igebe ngemikhiqizo engenisiwe ngokuthuthukisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha ikhwalithi.
Uma sibheka phambili, njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-semiconductor buthuthuka bubheke ezinqubweni ezincane kanye namazinga aphezulu okuhlanganiswa, isidingo se-green silicon carbide micropowder sizoqhubeka nokukhula. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emikhakheni esanda kuvela njenge-artificial intelligence chips, i-5G communication chips, kanye ne-autonomous driving chips, okubeka izidingo eziphakeme kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kokucubungula kanye nokusebenza kokushisa. Lokhu kuvula uhla olubanzi lwezicelo ze-green silicon carbide micropowder.
Ngikhumbula isazi sezimboni sithi, “Imboni ye-semiconductor ifana neqhwa. Lokho abantu abakubonayo ukwakheka kwe-chip kanye nokukhiqizwa okukhulu ngaphezu kobuso, kuyilapho izinto zokwakha, izinqubo, kanye nemishini engaphansi kobuso kuyisisekelo esisekela yonke imboni.” I-micropowder ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza iyisici esibalulekile salezi zinto zokwakha eziyisisekelo. Kungase kungabi yinto ekhangayo njengomshini we-lithography, kodwa yilezi zinto “ezingabonakali” ezisekela ukuthuthukiswa kwayo yonke imboni ye-semiconductor.
Ngesikhathi esizayo lapho usebenzisa i-smartphone noma ushayela imoto ehlakaniphile, mhlawumbe cabanga ukuthi ngemuva kwale mikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kukhona umnikelo wezinto "ezingenasithunzi" njenge-green silicon carbide micropowder. Phela, intuthuko yayo yonke imboni ayihlukaniseki kulawa "maqhawe athule, azinikele ngemuva kwezigcawu."