Kwembula izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele namathemba okusetshenziswa kwe-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza
Emkhakheni wanamuhla wezinto ezisetshenziswayo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, i-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza kancane kancane iba into egxilwa kuyo kakhulu emphakathini wesayensi yezinto ngezinto ezibonakalayo nezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zomzimba namakhemikhali. Le nhlanganisela eyakhiwe ngezinto ze-carbon ne-silicon ibonise amathuba okusebenza okubanzi emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esikhethekile sekristalu nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokujulile izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ze-silicon carbide micropowder kanye namandla ayo okusebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.
1. Izici eziyisisekelo ze-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza
I-silicon carbide eluhlaza (i-SiC) iyimpahla eqinile yokwenziwa futhi ingeyenhlanganisela yebhondi ehlangene. Ukwakheka kwayo kwekristalu kuveza uhlelo lwe-hexagonal ngohlelo olufana nedayimane. I-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza ngokuvamile ibhekisela emikhiqizweni eyimpushana enobubanzi bezinhlayiyana ezingama-microns angu-0.1-100, futhi umbala wayo uveza amathoni ahlukahlukene ukusuka kokuluhlaza okukhanyayo kuya kokuluhlaza okumnyama ngenxa yobumsulwa nokungcola okuhlukile.
Kusukela esakhiweni se-microscopic, i-athomu ngayinye ye-silicon kukristalu ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza yakha ukuxhumanisa kwe-tetrahedral nama-athomu amane ekhabhoni. Lesi sakhiwo esiqinile se-covalent bond sinikeza impahla ubulukhuni obuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ubulukhuni be-Mohs be-silicon carbide eluhlaza bufinyelela ku-9.2-9.3, okwesibili kuphela kwedayimane kanye ne-cubic boron nitride, okwenza ingenakushintshwa emkhakheni wama-abrasives.
2. Izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ze-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza
1. Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini
Isici esiphawuleka kakhulu se-silicon carbide micropowder ukuqina kwayo okuphezulu kakhulu. Ubulukhuni bayo be-Vickers bungafinyelela ku-2800-3300kg/mm², okuyenza isebenze kahle lapho icubungula izinto eziqinile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-silicon carbide eluhlaza nayo inamandla amahle okucindezela futhi isengakwazi ukugcina amandla aphezulu emishini emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Lesi sici senza kube nokwenzeka ukusisebenzisa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.
2. Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ezishisayo
I-thermal conductivity ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza iphezulu njengo-120-200W/(m·K), okuyizikhathi ezingu-3-5 kunensimbi evamile. Le conductivity enhle kakhulu ye-thermal iyenza ibe yinto ekahle yokukhipha ukushisa. Okumangalisa nakakhulu ukuthi i-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo kwe-silicon carbide eluhlaza yi-4.0 × 10⁻⁶/℃ kuphela, okusho ukuthi inokuqina okuhle kakhulu kwe-dimensional lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, futhi ngeke likhiqize ukuguquguquka okusobala ngenxa yokwanda nokunciphisa okushisayo.
3. Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali okuvelele
Mayelana nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali, i-silicon carbide eluhlaza ibonisa ukungabi namandla okuqinile. Ingakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwama-acids amaningi, ama-alkali kanye nezixazululo zikasawoti, futhi ingahlala izinzile ngisho namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi i-silicon carbide eluhlaza isengakwazi ukugcina ukuzinza okuhle endaweni ene-oxidizing engaphansi kuka-1000℃, okuyenza ibe namandla okusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ezindaweni ezigqwalile.
4. Izinto ezikhethekile zikagesi
I-silicon carbide eluhlaza iyisici esibanzi se-bandgap semiconductor enobubanzi be-bandgap obungu-3.0eV, enkulu kakhulu kune-1.1eV ye-silicon. Lesi sici siyenza ikwazi ukumelana nama-voltage aphezulu namazinga okushisa, futhi inezinzuzo ezihlukile emkhakheni wamandla kagesi wezinto zikagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-silicon carbide eluhlaza nayo inokuhamba kwe-electron ephezulu, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa amadivaysi aphezulu-frequency.
3. Inqubo yokulungiselela ye-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza
Ukulungiswa kwe-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza kusebenzisa inqubo ye-Acheson. Le ndlela ixuba isihlabathi se-quartz ne-petroleum coke ngengxenye ethile futhi iwashise aze afike ku-2000-2500℃ esithandweni somlilo ukuze aphendule. I-blocky green silicon carbide ekhiqizwe ukusabela ingena ezinqubweni ezinjengokuchotshozwa, ukugreda, nokucosha ukuze ekugcineni ithole imikhiqizo ye-micropowder yosayizi abahlukene bezinhlayiyana.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, kuye kwavela izindlela ezintsha zokulungiselela. I-Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) ingalungisa i-high-purity nano-scale green silicon carbide powder; indlela ye-sol-gel ingakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile usayizi wezinhlayiya kanye ne-morphology ye-powder; indlela ye-plasma ingafinyelela ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Lezi zinqubo ezintsha zinikeza amathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokunwetshwa kwesicelo se-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza.
4. Izindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ze-silicon carbide micropowder
1. Ukunemba kokugaya nokupholisha
Njenge-abrasive superhard, i-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza isetshenziswa kabanzi ekucutshungulweni okunembayo kwe-carbide enosimende, izitsha zobumba, ingilazi nezinye izinto. Embonini ye-semiconductor, i-high-purity green silicon carbide powder isetshenziselwa ukupholisha ama-wafers e-silicon, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kokusika kungcono kunokwendabuko ye-alumina abrasives. Emkhakheni wokucubungula ingxenye ye-optical, i-silicon carbide powder eluhlaza ingakwazi ukufeza i-nano-scale surface roughness futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zokucubungula zezingxenye ze-optical ezinembile kakhulu.
2. Izinto zobumba ezithuthukisiwe
I-silicon carbide powder eluhlaza iyimpahla ebalulekile yokulungiswa kwezitsha zobumba ezisebenza kahle. I-ceramics yesakhiwo enezici ezinhle kakhulu zemishini nokuzinza kokushisa kungenziwa ngokucindezela okushisayo noma izinqubo zokusabela. Lolu hlobo lwe-ceramic material lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile ezifana nezimpawu zemishini, ama-bearings, nama-nozzles, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinzima zokusebenza ezifana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokugqwala.
3. Amadivaysi kagesi kanye ne-semiconductor
Emkhakheni we-electronics, i-silicon carbide powder eluhlaza isetshenziselwa ukulungisa izinto zokwakha ze-bandgap semiconductor. Amadivayisi kagesi asekelwe ku-silicon carbide eluhlaza anezici zokusebenza ze-high-frequency, high-voltage, kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, futhi abonisa amandla amakhulu ezimotweni zamandla amasha, amagridi ahlakaniphile nezinye izinkambu. Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi amadivaysi kagesi e-silicon carbide aluhlaza anganciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla ngaphezu kwama-50% uma kuqhathaniswa namadivayisi endabuko asekelwe ku-silicon.
4. Ukuqiniswa okuhlanganisiwe
Ukwengeza i-silicon carbide powder eluhlaza njengesigaba sokuqinisa ku-metal noma i-polymer matrix kungathuthukisa kakhulu amandla, ukuqina nokumelana nokugqoka kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe. Emkhakheni we-aerospace, izinhlanganisela ze-silicon carbide ezisekelwe ku-aluminium zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zesakhiwo ezingasindi nezinamandla aphezulu; embonini yezimoto, amabhuleki e-silicon carbide aqinisiwe akhombisa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu.
5. Izinto eziphikisayo nezingubo zokugqoka
Kusetshenziswa ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwe-silicon carbide eluhlaza, izinto eziphikisayo ezisebenza kahle zingalungiswa. Embonini yokuncibilikisa insimbi, izitini ze-silicon carbide refractory zisetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yokushisa ephezulu njengeziko eziqhumayo neziguquli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigqoko ze-silicon carbide zinganikeza ukuvikelwa okuhle kakhulu kokugqoka nokugqwala kwezinto eziyisisekelo, futhi zisetshenziselwa imishini yamakhemikhali, ama-turbine blades nezinye izinkambu.