Isingeniso semikhiqizo ye-silicon emnyama kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ekuqhumeni kwesanti
I-silicon emnyamaiyinto ye-silicon esebenzayo enesakhiwo esikhethekile sobuso, eqanjwe ngekhono layo elinamandla kakhulu lokumunca ukukhanya kanye nesimo sobuso se-micro-nano esiyingqayizivele. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokuthuthukiswa kokunemba kokwelashwa kobuso kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kwezinto ekukhiqizeni okuphezulu, i-silicon emnyama isetshenziswe kabanzi kuma-photovoltaics, ama-optoelectronics, ama-semiconductors, ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-optical kanye neminye imikhakha enezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba nezamakhemikhali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-silicon emnyama iye yangena kancane kancane embonini ye-sandblasting surface futhi isibe uhlobo olusha lwezinto ze-sandblasting ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ⅰ. Izici eziyisisekelo ze-silicon emnyama
I-silicon emnyama yakhiwa ngokwelapha ubuso be-silicon ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lobuchwepheshe bokulungiselela isakhiwo se-micro-nano (njengokuchoboza kwe-ion esabelayo, ukuchoboza kwamakhemikhali okusizwa yinsimbi, ukuchoboza okubangelwa yi-laser, njll.). Ubuso bayo buveza ikhoni eliqinile noma isakhiwo sekholomu, esinganciphisa kakhulu ukuchoboza kokukhanya. Ukuchoboza ebhendini ebonakalayo neseduze kwe-infrared kungaba ngaphansi kuka-1%, ngakho-ke kumnyama omnyama ngokubukeka.
I-silicon emnyama ayinazo nje kuphela izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokukhanya, kodwa futhi inezinzuzo zobulukhuni obuphezulu, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Isakhiwo sayo sezinhlayiya siqinile futhi sifanelekela imijikelezo eminingi ngaphansi kwezimo zokushayisana ngesivinini esikhulu. Isebenza kangcono ekuqhumiseni isihlabathi kunezisusa zendabuko ezifana ne-corundum emhlophe, i-corundum ensundu, isihlabathi se-quartz, njll.
Ⅱ. Izinzuzo ze-silicon emnyama ekuqhumeni kwesihlabathi
Ukuqhumisa i-sandblasting kuyindlela yokwelapha ubuso esebenzisa ukugeleza kwesihlabathi okusheshayo ukuze kuthinte ubuso ukuze kufezwe ukuhlanza, ukususa ungqimba lwe-oxide, ukurhawuzelela noma imiphumela yokuhlobisa. Njenge-abrasive esebenza kahle kakhulu, i-silicon emnyama inezinzuzo ezisobala emkhakheni wokuqhumisa i-sandblasting:
1. Umphumela wobuso obuhle nobufanayo
Isakhiwo sejometri sezinhlayiya ze-silicon ezimnyama sijwayelekile futhi isimo sizinzile. Ngemva kokufutha, singakha umphumela ofanayo futhi ohambisanayo we-matte ebusweni bento yokusebenza. Lo mphumela wokwelapha ufaneleka kakhulu emikhiqizweni efana nengilazi ebonakalayo, indlu yelensi, izingxenye zesakhiwo se-aluminium alloy, njll. ezinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuvumelana nokubukeka kwendawo.
2. Ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokumelana nomthelela
Ubulukhuni be-silicon emnyama bukaMohs bufinyelela ku-8.5 noma ngaphezulu, izinga lokuphuka ngesikhathi sokuqhumisa isihlabathi liphansi, futhi impilo yesevisi inde. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesihlabathi se-quartz noma ubuhlalu beglasi obujwayelekile, ukuqhumisa isihlabathi se-silicon emnyama kusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi kunamandla amakhulu okushaya, futhi kungaqeda ukuhlanza okujulile kanye nokugoqa ngesikhathi esifushane.
3. Ubumsulwa obukhulu kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo
Ubumsulwa be-silicon emnyama buvame ukuba ngaphezu kuka-99%, futhi ayinazo izinto ezingcolile eziyingozi njenge-silicon yamahhala noma izinsimbi ezisindayo. Inokungcola okuncane kothuli endaweni yokusebenzela yokuqhumisa isihlabathi futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlanzekile kakhulu njengezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, amadivayisi ezokwelapha, kanye nokupakishwa kwe-semiconductor. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuma kwayo kwezinhlayiya kuzinzile, ukukhiqizwa kothuli kuncane, futhi kuphephile empilweni yabasebenzi.
4. Ingasetshenziswa futhi futhi ilawuleka ngezindleko
Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo, i-silicon emnyama isengakwazi ukugcina umphumela omuhle wokufafaza ngemva kwemijikelezo eminingi, okunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Emishinini emikhulu yokuqhumisa isihlabathi ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-silicon emnyama ikhombisa ukonga okungcono.
Ⅲ. Izindawo ezijwayelekile zokusetshenziswa
Ama-abrasives e-sandblasting e-silicon amnyama asetshenziswe kabanzi kulezi zinsimu ezilandelayo:
Ukwelashwa kwe-matte ebusweni behadiwe ngokunemba: njengohlaka oluphakathi lwefoni ephathekayo olusezingeni eliphezulu, igobolondo lencwadi yamanothi, igobolondo lewashi elihlakaniphile neminye imikhiqizo ye-aluminium alloy;
Ukwelashwa kwe-optical glass frosting: okusetshenziselwa ilensi, isihlungi, i-optical window matte kanye nokuhlobisa;
Izingxenye zezindiza nezempi: susa ungqimba lwe-oxide ngaphandle kokushintsha usayizi ukuze uthuthukise ukunamathela kwengubo;
Ukuqopha ubuso bephakeji ye-elekthronikhi: ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kokupakisha kanye nokunamathela kwesixhumi esibonakalayo;
Ukuqhuma kwesihlabathi esincane se-ceramic kanye nezinto ezihlanganisiwe: ukwelashwa kokugoqa ubuso ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okubopha.
Ⅳ. Isifinyezo
Njengoba intuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe bokuqhumisa isihlabathi kanye nemboni yokukhiqiza iqhubekela phambili ekuqondeni okuphezulu kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo okuphezulu, izinto zokuqhuma kwesihlabathi zendabuko azisakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezinqubo eziphezulu. I-silicon emnyama, njenge-abrasive esebenzayo enamandla aphezulu, ukubonakaliswa okuphansi, ubumsulwa obuphezulu kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, iba yinto ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa embonini yokuqhumisa isihlabathi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhiqizwa ngokunemba, i-optical matte, noma ekucutshungulweni kwamadivayisi kagesi, ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kwendawo yemishini yezindiza kanye neminye imikhakha, i-silicon emnyama ibonise amathuba amaningi okusetshenziswa.